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jueves, 25 de enero de 2007

Deseo & Insumisión

















Imágenes emergentes
MUESTRA FOTOGRÁFICA DE "FUGITIVAS DEL DESIERTO"
Helen Turpaud


Entrar en la foto
Semanas atrás se montó en el Teatro El Tablado una exposición fotográfica del grupo de lesbianas feministas neuquinas llamado "Fugitivas del desierto". Consta de aproximadamente una veintena de imágenes tomadas
por tres fotógrafas vinculadas al grupo.
Luego de la inauguración de la muestra en Bahía Blanca, Valeria Flores, una de las integrantes de Fugitivas, dio una charla titulada "Deseo e insumisión" en la cual expresaba con una gran lucidez política y sólida base
bibliográfica cuestiones vinculadas a lo violenta que es una sociedad que impone determinada
forma de vivir la sexualidad, y silencia toda alternativa.
El nombre de la agrupación remite irónicamente a la denominación que en el siglo XIX se daba a lo que es aproximadamente la región pampeana y Patagonia, para que la "Campaña del desierto" fuera vista como un avance "civilizador" sobre un supuesto vacío salvaje, y no como un genocidio de comunidades aborígenes nada desiertas. Suponer que más allá de uno mismo sólo está la nada y el desierto es la operación cultural básica para justificar actos de violencia sobre el otro.
Por eso este grupo, conformado inicialmente por cuatro activistas neuquinas, retoma el término ‘desierto’ para darle un nuevo significado, y a la vez para decir que huyen de esa denominación que las niega: son fugitivas
del lugar que las ignora. Ya se sabe: el movimiento genera inseguridad y exige repensarse constantemente. El grupo, además, articula su activismo lésbico con otras reivindicaciones sociales.
La posibilidad de poder nombrarse es una de las libertades básicas de cualquier ser humano. Todas las relaciones humanas están determinadas y reglamentadas por la sociedad en la que se dan, y por lo tanto no
son algo "natural" ni "neutral". Y cuando se critica que los homosexuales se nombren como tales, mucha gente dice "eso es algo privado; yo no ando diciendo por todos lados que soy heterosexual". No lo hacen porque no necesitan hacerlo ya que se supone que todos son heterosexuales. Así -como señalan las "fugitivas"-, todo lo privado es político en tanto existe un vastísimo conjunto de imágenes e instituciones que sustentan y alientan la heterosexualidad y, en cambio, estigmatizan y ocultan lo que le es ajeno.
Algunos de los sujetos más silenciados son aquellos que viven una sexualidad diferente a la considerada "normal". Ocupa a su vez un lugar aún más marginal el lesbianismo, dada la dificultad de comprensión que implica para la lógica patriarcal de nuestra cultura.
Por nuestra parte podríamos agregar que incluso la aparente liberación de las manifestaciones de grupos gays y bisexuales responde más al hecho de que son un grupo de lo que en marketing se considera los "single-no-children", es decir, "solteros sin hijos" que por esta condición tienen un poder económico relativamente mayor a aquellos que deben mantener una familia, y que conforman un núcleo interesantísimo para la industria del entretenimiento (bares, discos y hoteles "gay friendly", es decir que admiten personas que manifiestan sexualidades alternativas).
Esto provoca la formación de ghettos, y es más que nada un fenómeno comercial que no implica necesariamente la apertura mental de la mayoría de la sociedad en lo cotidiano (la familia, el trabajo o la calle: mejor que se encierren en un boliche y no que se muestren por la calle…).
La exposición fotográfica revela mucho del lugar que los discursos dominantes le han dado a la sexualidad femenina. Nos interesa destacar particularmente un conjunto de imágenes donde pueden verse mujeres con rostros de perfil o semiocultos, casi siempre cerca del borde de las fotos, o emergiendo de algo, o bien una cara sobre la que se proyecta la sombra de un alambrado. Parecen decir que hay un develamiento progresivo
y dificultoso de una serie de identidades.
En el caso de los desnudos, algunos tienen una coloración que recuerda a ciertas pinturas de principios del siglo XIX. Hay fotos con un centro luminoso, liso, sin rugosidades y pretendidamente homogéneo, como mucho de lo que se disputa un lugar central en la sociedad (en la foto puede ser una espalda, una mejilla, un
seno). Recién cerca de los límites de la foto, pueden verse manos, figuras complejas, rostros cercanos entre sí.
Es que hacerse visible como lesbiana es una tarea que las Fugitivas del desierto proponen como necesidad en los diversos ámbitos en los que actúan. Pero es un avance lento, desde los bordes, pero no "pidiendo
permiso" para ser aceptadas dentro del statu quo, pues eso sería reforzar la lógica de exclusión del sistema, sino para cuestionar esa misma lógica.

El derecho de poner en palabras lo vivido
En la nota que el diario Página/12 le hizo a Valeria Flores cuando lanzó su libro Notas lesbianas. Reflexiones desde la disidencia sexual (Hipólita Ediciones), la entrevistada comenta: "Algunos periodistas nos decían que la discriminación empieza cuando decimos que somos lesbianas. Les contesté que no, que empieza cuando no podemos decir que somos lesbianas" (suplemento Las12, 12/10/05). Y Valeria Flores hace de estas palabras su experiencia de vida: es maestra de 6º y 7º grado en la ciudad de Neuquén, y se aboca a la tarea de que en algún momento del año, en el marco del taller de sexualidad que dicta, sus alumnos sepan directamente por boca de ella que es lesbiana: rompe así con la imagen deliberadamente
sesgada de la "señorita maestra", madre abnegada y asexuada (o en todo caso heterosexual), y abre un espacio de discusión sobre el tema. Su experiencia ha sido sumamente exitosa, considerando los obstáculos.

Grupo Entramadas de Bahía Blanca
La actividad desarrollada por las invitadas de Neuquén fue posible gracias a la tarea de Entramadas, un grupo de lesbianas feministas de Bahía Blanca. El grupo se armó hace poco menos de dos años, y ésta es su primera actividad desarrollada con amplia visibilidad pública.
De manera similar a la actividad desarrollada por MODIS, Movimiento por la Defensa de las Identidades Sexuales (del cual se trató en el EcoDias 173), intenta generar un espacio donde sea posible nombrarse
como lesbiana, y desde ahí hablar, "entrar en la foto" y modificar el modo de mirar.



FOTOGRAFAS
Guillermina Nabarro
Luciana Brunella


El contacto de Entramadas es vía mail: entramadas@yahoo.com.ar.

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